加拿大华人论坛 加拿大生活信息关于植物和家畜的词汇测试
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Today we have a vocabulary quiz. We start with two questions about terms for plants.今天我们进行一项词汇测试。我们从两个关于植物术语的问题开始。OK, first question: What is the name for a plant that lives only one year or one growing season? This kind of plant is called an annual. Think of an "annual report," a report published just once a year.好了，第一个问题：有一种植物只能生长一年或一个生长期？这种植物叫什么名字？这种植物叫annual（一年生植物），想想annual report（年度报告），就是一年只出版一次的报告。You can probably guess the next question. What do we call a plant that produces new growth year after year? Plants that keep growing back are called perennials. So a perennial is the opposite of an annual. Perennials come back year after year.你或许能猜到下一个问题：哪种植物能每年都生长呢？能生长很多年的植物叫perennial（多年生植物）。所以perennial就是annual的反义词，perennial是每年都有的。Now some questions about terms for livestock.现在是一些关于牲畜术语的问题。What is another name for a male cow? A bull, right? Well, not always. A male cow is usually called a bull only if it still has its reproductive organs. If not, we call it a -- what? The answer: a steer.Male cow(雄牛)的另一个名称是什么？Bull(公牛),对吗？嗯，但并非总是如此。公牛通常用来称呼那些没被阉过的雄牛。如果被阉过了的雄牛就称为steer（阉牛）。Next question: What is another name for a young cow? A very young cow is called a calf. But a young female cow, especially one that has not had a calf yet, has a special name. Do you know what it is? The answer: a heifer. Maybe you knew that. But here is question just for our radio listeners -- can you spell it? Heifer is spelled H-E-I-F-E-R.下一个问题：小牛的另一个名字叫什么？非常小的牛叫calf（牛犊）。不过小母牛，特别是还没有产仔的小母牛，有个专门的名字。你知道叫什么吗？答案是：heifer（小牝牛）。或许你已经知道了。不过我们有个问题要留给听众，你能拼写吗？Heifer拼作H-E-I-F-E-R。Cows, like all mammals, lactate. Our next question is: do you know what that means? To lactate means to produce milk. Cows lactate for up to ten months.奶牛像所有哺乳动物一样会lactate。我们的下一个问题是，你知道lactate的意思吗？Lactate意思就是产奶。奶牛至少要10个月以后才能产奶。In milk, fat rises to the top. But some people do not like to drink milk that way. So there is a process that reduces the size of the fat particles and mixes them all through the milk. This process has a name -- a long name. What is it? It's called homogenization.脂肪漂浮在牛奶的上面，但有的人不喜欢喝这种奶。所以就有了一种加工程序，能打碎牛奶中的脂肪粒，使之均匀分布。这个过程有个很长的名字。你知道是什么吗？叫homogenization（均质化）。Still with us? OK, another question. Milk can be made into cheese. Some people like cheese made with milk from a sheep. What do you call a female sheep? The answer: a ewe, spelled E-W-E.还在收听我们的节目？好，另一个问题。牛奶可以制成奶酪。有些人喜欢羊奶制成的奶酪。雌性羊怎么称呼呢？答案就是：ewe（母羊）。Male sheep have their own name. A male sheep is a -- what? A ram.雄羊也有自己的名称，雄羊被称为ram（公羊）。Rams and ewes produce lambs. A lamb is a sheep less than a year old. But what do you call the meat from a sheep over a year old? Then we call it mutton.公羊和母羊能产lamb（小羊羔）。lamb是指一岁以下的羊。一岁以上的羊的羊肉被称为什么？我们称其为mutton（羊肉）。Age also plays a part in terms for horses. For example, a mare is generally a female three years or older. But what do you call a female horse under three? The answer: a filly. And for extra credit: do you know the name for a male horse under four? A colt.不同年龄的马也有不同的名字，比如，mare（母马）通常是指三岁以上的马。但你知道三岁以下的母马叫什么吗？答案是filly（小牝马）。回答下面的问题可得到额外分：你知道4岁以下的公马叫什么？答案是colt（小雄驹）。
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