加拿大华人论坛 加拿大生活信息英语专四常见词辨析
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additional, extra, supplementary这些形容词均有“另加的,额外的”之意。1. additional :由名词additon派生出的形容词,指在原有基础上添加上去的。eg: Passengers have to pay additional charges for their extra luggages.(旅客们超量携带的行李要额外付费。)2. extra :指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。eg: The ship was loaded down with extra cargo.(船上又额外加装了货物。)3. supplementary :由名词supplement派生而来,指对原有的追加或补究。eg: There is a supplementary water supply in case the main supply fails.(万一主水源断了, 我们另外有供水的地方。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析address, greet, salute, hail, welcome这些动词均有“欢迎、致敬、致意、招呼”之意。1. address :侧重打招呼的方式或指所使用的称谓。eg: The President gave an address to the nation over the radio.(总统向全国发表广播演说。)2. greet :常指友好而热诚地欢迎。eg: The host greeted us at the gate.(主人在大门口迎接我们。)3. salute :正式用词,指用敬礼、亲吻或挥帽等动作向他人致意或问候,尤指以某种礼节欢迎某人。eg: The officers saluted as the soldiers marched past.(当士兵以分列式通过时, 军官举手敬礼。)4. hail :主要指怀着敬意欢迎某人,侧重欢快轻松和嘈杂。也指隔得较远的高声招呼。eg: Millions of people hailed the astronauts.(数百万人向宇航员们欢呼。)5. welcome :多指热情的官方的或正式的迎接或欢迎,但也指一般的欢迎。eg: He welcomed you to enjoy his hospitality.(他欢迎你去做客。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析afraid, fearful, awful, dreadful, frightful, terrible, horrible, terrific, appalling这些形容词均含“害怕的、可怕的”之意。1. afraid :指由于胆小或怯懦而不敢说或做某事。I am afraid I can't help you(恐怕我帮不了你。)2. fearful :普通用词,既指外界情况变化而引起的恐惧,又指来自内心的害怕与焦虑。I have ever witnessed a fearful accident.(我曾目睹一场可怕的事故。)3. awful :指威严得令人害怕或敬畏,有一定的感情色彩。The weather is awful today.(今天天气坏透了。)4. dreadful :指使人非常恐惧,毛骨悚然,也使人感到讨厌而退缩。He told me a dreadful story.(他给我讲了一个可怕的故事。)5. frightful :指使人陷入短暂的惊恐或产生毛骨悚然的感觉。It was with the greatest difficulty that the boy gathered the strength to speak, but spoke with a frightful emphasis.(那个男孩艰难地、费了很大力气说出话来,然而他吐字有力,使人惊惧。)6. terrible :侧重指给人以长久的惊骇,极端的恐怖,令人难以忍受。The little boy is playing the terrible game.(那小男孩正在玩恐怖的游戏。)7. horrible :指因骇人听闻的丑恶而令人毛骨悚然,着重厌恶的成分多于害怕。The decision they made was horrible.(他们做出的决定令人感到恐怖。)8. terrific :多指外表、形状或力量等的可怕。This movie relates that a hero defeats a monster with a terrific figure by himself.(这部电影讲述的是一位英雄独自打败一个外形可怕的怪兽的故事。)小编语:偶觉得terrific这个词还是用“极好的,非常棒的”比较多一点~9. appalling :指既令害怕又使人惊异、胆寒。The Halloween masks are very appalling.(万圣节的面具可真够吓人的。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析affect, influence这些动词均含“影响”之意。1. affect :作主语通常是物而不是人,指一物对另一物产生的消极影响。例如:The tax increases have affected us all.(加税已经影响了我们所有的人。)2. influence :侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响,也可指自然力的影响。例如:His parents no longer have any real influence over him.(他的父母对他已不再有任何约束力了。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析affection, love, attachment这些名词均含“爱、热爱”之意。1. affection :指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情,侧重感情的深沉。例如:When the interviewer asked about your family or school, you should speak with loyalty and affection.(当面试官提到你的家庭和学校时,你说话时要显得忠诚和热爱。)2. love :比affection的语气更强。表示一种难以控制的激情。例如:My daughter loves folk songs very much.(我女儿很喜欢民歌。)小编语:原来“I love you”所倾注的感情如此之深......童鞋们在对自己爱慕的人说这句话之后一定要负责哦~=w=3. attachment :通常用于书面文字中,既可指对某人某物的喜欢,又可指出自理智对某人或某物的热爱,尤指长时间的爱。例如:She has a great attachment to her sister.(她十分依恋她的姐姐。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析affair, business, matter, concern, thing这些名词均含“事情”之意。1. affair :含义较广,侧重指已发生或必须去做的任何事情或事务。复数形式多指重大或较复杂的事务。例句:The exhibition will be a big affair.这次展出将是一个盛举。2. business :通常指较重要或较难而又必须承担的事情,也可指商事。例句:A teacher's business is to help children learn.教师的本分是帮助孩子学习。3. matter :普通用词,着重指一件考虑中的或需要处理的事。例句:This is a matter I know little about.这件事我不太知道。4. concern :往往强调与个人或团体利害有直接或重大关系的事。例句:The most important concern for our company is to arrange the conference with our foreign investors.我公司最重要事宜是安排同外商的会谈。5. thing :用作“事情”解时,词义较笼统、含糊,多用于指不很具体的事。例句:This is a miraculous thing.这真是奇怪的事。
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析advice, opinion, proposal, suggestion, recommendation, view这些名词均含“意见、建议”之意。1. advice :普通用词,侧重依据个人经验、学识和正确判断而提出的忠言。eg: Good advice is beyond price.(忠告好, 无价宝。)2. opinion :日常用词,泛指对某事物的想法和意见。eg: I don't wish todebate my opinions with you.(我不想就我的看法同你辩论。)3. proposal :指正式提出来供研究、采纳或实行的建议。eg: They presented concreteproposals for improvement.(他们提出了具体的改进建议。)4. suggestion :普通用词,语气比advice婉转客气,也不如proposal正式。着重为改进工作、解决困难等提出的建议,有时含所提建议不一定正确,仅供参考的意味。eg: He made the suggestion that the political prisoners (should) be set free.(他提议释放政治犯。)5. recommendation :指在自己经历的基础上而提出的有益建议、意见或忠告。eg: The government has agreed to implement the recommendation in the report.(政府已同意实施报告中的建议。)6. view :侧重指对重大的或引起公众关注的问题所持的看法和态度。eg: I take the view that we should put less money into nuclear weapons.(我认为我们应该在核武器上少花钱。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析advance, progress, proceed, move on, go这些动词均含“前进,行进,进展”之意。1. advance :主要用于具体的人或物,也可指科学技术和运动等。eg: I signed to him to keep away, but he continued to advance.(我示意他离开, 但他还是继续往前走。) She advanced greatly in her knowledge.(她在学识上大有长进。)2. progress :指按某一既定目标前进,取得发展,目的性很明确,强调经常和稳定地前进。eg: Our progress was embarrassed by lots of baggage.(大量的行李使我们行进困难。) During these years the labour movement of the United States has made great progress.(这些年来, 美国的工人运动已取得巨大的进展。)3. proceed :侧重指继续前进。eg: They will proceed to build another laboratory building.(他们将着手建造另一座实验大楼。) The trial is proceeding.(审问正在进行。)4. move on :非正式用语,侧重从某一停止点向某地前进,但不表示前进的目的地。eg: We talked about these for a while and then moved on to another house.(我们谈了一会儿之后, 就前往另一家去了。)5. go :最常用词,含义宽泛而不确切,依上文确定其具体意思。eg: Everything went pretty smoothly.(一切进展相当顺利。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析adequate, enough, sufficient这些形容词均含“足够的,充足的”之意。1. adequate :指数量上足够,质量上适当。eg:There was adequate rain and snow last winter.(去年冬天雨雪充足。)2. enough :最普通用词,口语、书面语可用,较侧重分量或数量的足够,多指希望的满足。eg:Is £100 enough for all your expenses?(100英镑够你全部的花销吗?)3. sufficient :正式用词,侧重数目或数量或程度达到某一特定要求或需要。eg:1.We have gained sufficient experience totackle this problem.(我们已经有了足够的经验来处理这个问题。) 2.His income is sufficient for his needs.(他的收入能满足他的需要。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析adult, grown-up, mature这些形容词均有“成年的,成熟的”之意。1. adult :一般指生理上的童年期已结束,达到法定年龄。eg:He is adult in behavior.(从行为上看, 他已成熟了。)2. grown-up :多用于口语,含义与adult基本相同,但更侧重脱离儿童阶段,已成大人,与childish意思相反。eg:1.He felt grown-up, puffed up with self-importance.(他觉得长大了,便自以为了不起。) 2.She has a grown-up daughter who lives abroad.(她有一个已经长大成人的女儿,在海外生活。)3. mature :用于生物时,指完全长好了。用于人时,指达到了生命的黄金时期,但所暗示的青少年和成年之间的界限不明显。eg:1.This is a dress shop for mature women.(这是一家成年妇女服装店。) 2.The newambassador is more mature than his predecessor.(新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析address, speech, lecture, oration, report, talk这些名词均含“演讲,讲话,报告”之意。1. address :正式用词,指在庄严隆重的场合作精心准备的演讲或正式演说。eg: He addressed the audience in an eloquent speech.(他对听众讲起话来滔滔不绝。)2. speech :普通用词,指一般的发言或讲话,可以是事先准备的,也可以是即席的。eg:His speech was cheered by the audience.(他的演说博得听众的喝彩。)3. lecture :侧重带学术性的演讲。eg:1.He was asked tolecture in America.(他被邀请到美国讲学。) 2. He's lecturing a group of tourists.(他在向一群观光者作报告。)4. oration :常指在特殊场合,辞藻华丽,形式庄重,旨在激发听众感情的正式演说。eg:He asked for no funeral oration.(他不要人在葬礼上宣读悼词。)5. report :一般是指下级给上级或负责人给委托机关的书面或口头报告。eg:1.The committee will report at twelve o'clock.(委员会将在12点钟提出报告。) 2.She reported the success of a new experiment.(她报告说一次新的试验成功了。) 3.He reported seeing a new star.(他报告说看见一颗新星。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析addition, appendix, attachment, supplement, accessory这些名词均含“附加物、增加物”之意。1. addition :仅强调数量的增加。 eg: They've just had an addition to the family.(他们家里刚刚添了一口人。)2. appendix :指书末的附录。 eg: This book has twoappendices.(这本书有两个附录。)注意appendix的复数形式哦~另:appendix还有一个意思是"阑尾"。比如说:I have recently had my appendix removed.(我最近切除了阑尾。)3. attachment :指用于扩大原物用途的附件。 eg: Thevacuum cleaner has four different attachments.(吸尘器有四个不同的附件。)4. supplement :主要指使书、报等更完善而额外增加的部分。 eg:Asupplement to this dictionary may be published next year.(该词典的补编或许将于明年出版。)5. accessory :作“附件”解时,与attachment同义,可互换,但还指增加美观的附属品。 eg:These are indispensable accessories.(这些是不可缺少的附件。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析adapt, adjust, conform, accommodate, suit, fit这些动词均有“使适合,适应”之意。1. adapt :指人或物在原有情况下作某些改变以适应新的环境或不同的条件,强调改变的目的和重要性。eg: She knew how to adapt herself.(她懂得如何适应环境。)小编注:adjust与adapt含义很接近,但adjust所改变的幅度要小一些,侧重过程,主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。eg: The man adjusted very precisely. (那个人调得很准。)2. conform :多指与某模式或规则相符,也引申指改变习惯等以适应新的环境。eg: 1.There is great pressure on schoolchildren to conform.(小学生有巨大的压力要去适应。) 2.Her ideas do not conform with mine.(的观点与我的不一致。)3. accommodate :书面用词,指以外部条件标准改变自己或某事以求得适应,着重改变或调节的有利。eg: This chair accommodates its shape to a person's position.(这把椅子的形状能随就座者的姿势而改变。)4. suit :指适合要求,从而使人满意愉快。eg: 1.That song doesn't suit her voice.(那首歌不适合她的嗓子。) 2.These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.(这些式样可以加以更改, 以适合个人的喜好。.)5. fit :含义广,指人或物适合或适应某一目的或用途。eg: 1.The hat fits perfectly.( 这顶帽子挺合适的。) 2. His great height fitted him to play basketball.(他的身材高大, 适合打篮球。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析act, action, deed, operation, performance这些名词均含“行为、行动”之意。1、act :一般指具体的、短暂的或个别的行为,强调行为的完成及其效果。eg: My first act was to run into the waiting room.(我的第一个行动就是跑进客厅。)2、action :普通用词,着重行动的过程。eg: The time has come for action.(行动的时候到了。)3、deed :较庄重用词,除泛指各种行为外,还可用于指某种高尚或伟大的行为,故常译作“功绩,业绩”。eg: Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help.(当别人需要帮助时, 行动胜于语言。)4、operation :多指一连串行动或行为的完成方式。eg: The operation for now is to shoot the killer and rescue the hostage.(现在需要做的就是射中杀人犯,解救人质。)5、performance :主要指行动的方式方法。eg: His performance in the exams was not very good.(他考得不是很好。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析actor, player, performer这些名词均有“演员”之意。1、actor :指在舞台剧、电影、电视剧或广播剧中以演出为职业的男演员,侧重扮演的角色。eg: An actor must be able to memorize his lines.(演员须善于熟记台词。)2、player :侧重指职业或业余舞台演员。eg: The players of Romeo and Juliet are very professional.(演《罗密欧与朱丽叶》这部舞台剧的演员十分专业。)3、performer :使用广泛,不仅可指舞台或影视演员,而且可指舞蹈演员、乐器演奏等的演员,侧重在观众面前的实际表演。eg: 1.She’s a seasoned concert performer.(她是富有经验的音乐会演奏家。) 2.His recitals have earned him recognition as a talented performer.(他的演奏会使他赢得了天才演奏家的赞誉。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析across, along, over, through这些前置词均有“横过、穿过”之意。1. across :指“从……的一边到另一边”,强调横过,多与动态动词连用。eg: A straight line was ruled across the map.(一条直线横划在地图上。)2. along :指沿着一条直线在水平方向上运动。一般表动态,有时也与静态动词连用。eg: The policeman told the crowds to move along.(警察叫人群向前走。)3. over :常和动态动词连用,指“从……上面越过”或“横越”;表静态时,指“在彼处”。eg: 1.Instead of opening the gate, we climbed over it.(我们没有开门, 而是从门顶上爬过去的。) 2.We moved through fields and over ditches.(我们穿过田野, 跨过沟渠。)4. through :侧重从一端穿到另一端。eg: 1.Can I get through by this road?(我可以从这条路过去吗?) 2.He went through the forest the next day.(次日他穿过了森林。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析account, report这两个名词的有“报道,叙述”之意。1. account :普通用词,不如report正式,侧重对亲身经历或目睹之事所作的书面或口头的报道或叙述。eg: The two accounts of the accident do not agree.(有关这次事件两则报道不一致。)2. report :正式用词,多指报刊上的报道,强调对情况经过调查或审核后作出的详尽叙述,具有一定权威性。eg: All reports must be sent in by the end of this week.(所有的报告必须在本星期以前交齐。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析acquire, obtain, gain, get, win, earn, secure这些动词均含“获得、取得、得到”之意。1)acquire :强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物,也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。We shouldacquire more firsthand information.(我们应当取得更多的第一手资料。)I tried to acquire the information I needed.(我千方百计地搞到了我所需要的资料。)2)obtain :较正式用词,着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。3)Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain valuable information.(那时平常的人便能运用它们去获取宝贵的信息。)3)gain :侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。During that time, she so gained my aunt's confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff.(在这期间,她得到了我姑姑如此的信任,结果被委任为家仆的负责人。)A penny saved is a penny gained.(省一文是一文。)4)get :普通用词,使用广泛,可指以任何方式得到某物,也不一定要经过努力。I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.(我坐在公共汽车的前部,以得到有利于观赏农村风光的机会。)5)win :主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。This invariably wins them the love and respect of others.(这种行为常常为他们赢得别人的爱戴和尊敬。)6)earn :侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。His achievements earned him respect and admiration.(他的成就为他赢得别人的尊敬和赞美。)7)secure :强调要通过努力或竞争,或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。Can you secure me two good seats for the concert?(你能为我弄到这场音乐会的两个好座位吗?)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析acknowledge, admit, confess, recognize, concede这些动词均含“承认”之意。1)acknowledge :通常指公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错。eg: He grudgingly acknowledged having made a mistake.(他勉强承认他做错了。)2)admit :强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确承认,多含不情愿或被迫意味。eg: She admitted having done wrong.(她承认自己做错了。)3)confess :语气较强,着重承认自己意识到的错误或罪行,含坦白忏悔的意味。eg: 1.He confessed where he had hidden the money.(他供出了他藏钱的地方。) 2.He confessed himself out of contact with the times.(他承认自己与时代脱节。)4)recognize :作“承认”解时,系书面用词,主要指合法的或外交上的承认,也指公认。eg: We don't recognized him to be the lawful heir.(我们不承认他为合法继承人。)5)concede :指在事实与证据面前勉强或不得不承认。eg: I conceded that I had made a mistake.(我承认我犯了一个错误。)
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FN: 2007年10月31日There are things you wish for and accomplishments you work for.Nothing expresses your pure joy like a Canada Permanent Residence visa...回复: 英语专四常见词辨析accuse, charge这两个动词均有“指控、谴责”之意。1)accuse :普通用词,正式或非正式场合,私人或法律上均可用。被指控的情节可轻可重。常与of连用。eg: We accused him of taking bribes. (我们控告他受贿。)2)charge :常与accuse换用,但charge多指较严重的错误或罪行,而且往往向法庭提出正式起诉。eg: 1.They charged that the police had beaten three students to death. (他们指控警察将三名学生殴打致死。) 2.That man was charged with plotting to use weapons of mass destruction in the United States.(那个人被指控试图在美国使用大规模杀伤性武器。)
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