加拿大华人论坛 加拿大生活信息反式脂肪酸的危害

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反式脂肪酸又称氢化脂肪酸，是正常的植物油加氢，其性质类似于饱和脂肪酸。专家指出，反式脂肪酸在我们日常的天然食品中含量很少，它主要产生于用化学方法和特殊的工艺，以改善食品的口感，延长食品的保持期，而在这一过程中便产生了反式脂肪酸这一物质。 反式脂肪酸像饱和脂肪酸一样，会增加血液中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量，同时还会减少可预防心脏病的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量，增加患冠心病的危险。反式脂肪酸导致心血管疾病的几率是饱和脂肪酸的3到5倍，反式脂肪酸还会增加人体血液的黏稠度，易导致血栓形成。此外，反式脂肪酸还会诱发肿瘤、哮喘、II型糖尿病、过敏等病症。反式脂肪酸对生长发育期的婴幼儿和成长中的青少年也有不良影响。 　　为了帮助大家识别哪些食品中是含有反式脂肪酸的，以便清楚地进行选择。含反式脂肪酸的食品清单如下：　　牛奶和奶酪（反式脂肪酸含量18.8%）、黄油（反式脂肪酸含量5.9%）、鸡蛋（反式脂肪酸含量9%）、肉和肉制品（反式脂肪酸含量10.3%）、油和脂肪（反式脂肪酸含量35.5%）、饼干和蛋糕（反式脂肪酸含量16.5%）、开胃馅饼（反式脂肪酸含量3.5%）、土豆片和法式炸土豆片（反式脂肪酸含量4.5%）　　其它含反式脂肪酸较高的食品：　　在食品加工中，反式脂肪酸甘油酯广泛用于替代天然奶油生产各种花式蛋糕、咖啡伴侣以及冰淇淋、雪糕、棒冰等；也广泛用于替代可可脂生产巧克力；同时广泛用于替代各种高档植物油和动物油脂在烘焙面包、蛋糕中使用，此外还用作油炸食品用油。代表食品有以下几类：　　奶油蛋糕、咖啡伴侣、起酥面包、冰淇淋、雪糕、棒冰、巧克力、油炸食品（油在高温下被部分氢化形式反式脂肪酸）、带酥皮的点心或零食、薯条、薯片、蛋黄派或草莓派、大部分饼干、方便面、泡芙、薄脆饼、油酥饼、麻花、巧克力、沙拉酱。　　鉴别反式脂肪酸食品的方法　　如果食品标签的配料表里有“内含棕榈油”、“植物氢化油”、“人造黄油(奶油)”、“人造脂肪”、“氢化油”、“起酥油”、“精练”、“植脂末”、“复合脂质配料”等名称，都要意识到它们会含有反式脂肪酸。 　　 氢化植物油(英文简称为TransFat)，学名为反式脂肪酸甘油酯，俗名有：人造奶油、奶精、植脂、植脂末、植脂奶油、麦淇淋等。氢化植物油是由普通植物油氢化而成，但氢化过程中也产生了反式脂肪酸。氢化植物油是反式脂肪酸的主要来源之一。　　 所以只要在标签上发现上面这些名字的，大家都要予以小心了，都是反式脂肪酸的代名词。　　为增加货架期和产品稳定性而添加氢化油的产品中都可以发现反式脂肪酸。包括薄脆饼干、焙烤食品、谷类食品、面包、快餐如法国油炸食物、炸鱼、洋葱圈、人造黄油、沙拉酱特别是粘性人造黄油。　　编后语：　　 按照国际上的健康推荐，每日摄入反式脂肪酸的上限约为3克左右，所以我们在选择食品中，就要小心了，一天不能吃入过量的反式脂肪酸。

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害晕，啥都别吃了。

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修炼成仙不如狐媚红尘。吟无用之诗，醉无用之酒，读无用之书，钟无用之情。回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害是那个标出transfat吗?看着成分买就是了不是纯lean的肉都有

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人生不过是行走的影子回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害谢谢

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我最喜欢吃的就是-------------------饭！回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害请问，， 橄榄油可以高温炸东西吗？ 我吃橄榄油总感觉不出香来，是不是冷轧的方法比较独特？

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害人造奶油、奶精、植脂、植脂末、植脂奶油、麦淇淋好像听起来都不错么？

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===================Fight, Love, Make Mistake回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害牛奶和奶酪（反式脂肪酸含量18.8%） ？ 怎么可能牛奶和奶酪的浓度是一样的？牛奶不是建议喝吗？怎么反式脂肪酸最高呢？

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害牛奶和奶酪（反式脂肪酸含量18.8%） ？ 怎么可能牛奶和奶酪的浓度是一样的？牛奶不是建议喝吗？怎么反式脂肪酸最高呢？点击展开...好像1%的牛奶里没有

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人生不过是行走的影子好像1%的牛奶里没有点击展开...啥道理呢？%1， %3不就差点脂肪含量吗？怎么会没有呢？

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害反式脂肪酸又称氢化脂肪酸，是正常的植物油加氢，其性质类似于饱和脂肪酸。专家指出，反式脂肪酸在我们日常的天然食品中含量很少，它主要产生于用化学方法和特殊的工艺，以改善食品的口感，延长食品的保持期，而在这一过程中便产生了反式脂肪酸这一物质。 反式脂肪酸像饱和脂肪酸一样，会增加血液中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量，同时还会减少可预防心脏病的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量，增加患冠心病的危险。反式脂肪酸导致心血管疾病的几率是饱和脂肪酸的3到5倍，反式脂肪酸还会增加人体血液的黏稠度，易导致血栓形成。此外，反式脂肪酸还会诱发肿瘤、哮喘、II型糖尿病、过敏等病症。反式脂肪酸对生长发育期的婴幼儿和成长中的青少年也有不良影响。 　　为了帮助大家识别哪些食品中是含有反式脂肪酸的，以便清楚地进行选择。含反式脂肪酸的食品清单如下：　　牛奶和奶酪（反式脂肪酸含量18.8%）、黄油（反式脂肪酸含量5.9%）、鸡蛋（反式脂肪酸含量9%）、肉和肉制品（反式脂肪酸含量10.3%）、油和脂肪（反式脂肪酸含量35.5%）、饼干和蛋糕（反式脂肪酸含量16.5%）、开胃馅饼（反式脂肪酸含量3.5%）、土豆片和法式炸土豆片（反式脂肪酸含量4.5%）　　其它含反式脂肪酸较高的食品：　　在食品加工中，反式脂肪酸甘油酯广泛用于替代天然奶油生产各种花式蛋糕、咖啡伴侣以及冰淇淋、雪糕、棒冰等；也广泛用于替代可可脂生产巧克力；同时广泛用于替代各种高档植物油和动物油脂在烘焙面包、蛋糕中使用，此外还用作油炸食品用油。代表食品有以下几类：　　奶油蛋糕、咖啡伴侣、起酥面包、冰淇淋、雪糕、棒冰、巧克力、油炸食品（油在高温下被部分氢化形式反式脂肪酸）、带酥皮的点心或零食、薯条、薯片、蛋黄派或草莓派、大部分饼干、方便面、泡芙、薄脆饼、油酥饼、麻花、巧克力、沙拉酱。　　鉴别反式脂肪酸食品的方法　　如果食品标签的配料表里有“内含棕榈油”、“植物氢化油”、“人造黄油(奶油)”、“人造脂肪”、“氢化油”、“起酥油”、“精练”、“植脂末”、“复合脂质配料”等名称，都要意识到它们会含有反式脂肪酸。 　　 氢化植物油(英文简称为TransFat)，学名为反式脂肪酸甘油酯，俗名有：人造奶油、奶精、植脂、植脂末、植脂奶油、麦淇淋等。氢化植物油是由普通植物油氢化而成，但氢化过程中也产生了反式脂肪酸。氢化植物油是反式脂肪酸的主要来源之一。　　 所以只要在标签上发现上面这些名字的，大家都要予以小心了，都是反式脂肪酸的代名词。　　为增加货架期和产品稳定性而添加氢化油的产品中都可以发现反式脂肪酸。包括薄脆饼干、焙烤食品、谷类食品、面包、快餐如法国油炸食物、炸鱼、洋葱圈、人造黄油、沙拉酱特别是粘性人造黄油。　　编后语：　　 按照国际上的健康推荐，每日摄入反式脂肪酸的上限约为3克左右，所以我们在选择食品中，就要小心了，一天不能吃入过量的反式脂肪酸。点击展开...学习了

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害啥道理呢？%1， %3不就差点脂肪含量吗？怎么会没有呢？点击展开...你买东西不看说明吗？这彦任何产品都有标注的记得1%的牛奶上面transfat标注是0的。。。还有很多食品特意标注transfat无的。。。

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人生不过是行走的影子回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害脱脂牛奶是不是没有反式脂肪酸？

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害你买东西不看说明吗？这彦任何产品都有标注的记得1%的牛奶上面transfat标注是0的。。。还有很多食品特意标注transfat无的。。。点击展开...是凡乳制品都含有一些天然的反式脂肪，不必担心。

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害哦

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害天然反式脂肪和人造的还是有差别的吧？

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===================Fight, Love, Make Mistake回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害lz,请问数据考察过吗？对这段数据（牛奶和奶酪（反式脂肪酸含量18.8%）、黄油（反式脂肪酸含量5.9%）、鸡蛋（反式脂肪酸含量9%）、肉和肉制品（反式脂肪酸含量10.3%）、油和 脂肪（反式脂肪酸含量35.5%）、饼干和蛋糕（反式脂肪酸含量16.5%）、开胃馅饼（反式脂肪酸含量3.5%）、土豆片和法式炸土豆片（反式脂肪酸含 量4.5%））持严重怀疑。后面那段，基本靠谱。网络上所谓科普文很多，但却经不起推敲。

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害牛奶和鸡蛋也不能吃了？

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害Trans fats: The move away from bad fatsThe anti-trans-fat bandwagon has been rolling across Canada since the fall of 2003, when Ontario cookie-maker Voortman Cookies announced it would rid its products of the unhealthy compound. The company's owner says his daughter a naturopath played a big role in convincing him to make a healthier cookie.On Dec. 5, 2006, New York City's board of health approved a ban on trans fats in all restaurants across the city. The ban took effect in June 2008. A month later, the city's restaurants were further required to post calorie counts on menu boards in the same font size as the price or face fines of up to $2,000 US.In March 2003, Denmark became the first country to pass legislation strictly regulating the sale of foods containing trans fats. No more than two per cent of the fats and oils in any food product can contain trans fats. The legislation effectively limits people's trans fat intake to less than one gram per day.NDP Leader Jack Layton looks at a shopping cart full of food items that contain trans fats at an Ottawa food store in 2004. Layton's private-member's bill that would have made Canada the second country after Denmark to ban processed trans fats died when the former Liberal government called an election. (Fred Chartrand/Canadian Press)Switzerland followed Denmark's lead in April 2008 with similarly strict limits on trans fats.In Canada, the House of Commons was considering similar legislation in February 2004, but it died three months later when Parliament was dissolved and an election called.Since then, new labelling laws have come into effect and a growing list of companies have made snack products trans-fat free.In June 2006, the federal Trans Fat Task Force recommended legislation to limit trans fats in processed foods. The task force a partnership between Health Canada and the Heart and Stroke Foundation called for a trans fat limit of two per cent of total fat content in spreadable margarine and five per cent in all other foods.Ten months later, a report by the Heart and Stroke Foundation and Toronto Public Health called for the federal government to act immediately on the task force's recommendations and eliminate harmful trans fat from Canada's food supply."Trans fats are not a choice, they're a killer," said Sally Brown, CEO of the Heart and Stroke Foundation.A survey released in conjunction with the foundation's report showed many restaurants, food manufacturers and retailers are making progress, but trans fats are still prevalent in many foods, including those consumed by children.In December 2009, the foundation renewed its calls for more stringent legislation.Trans fats "can even be found at dangerous levels in foods in children's hospitals the very places that are meant to improve the health of our children," Sally Brown, CEO of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, said in a news release. The comment came as the Trans Fat Task Force released its fourth and final round of monitoring on trans fats at small- and medium-sized restaurants and fast food chains, as well as high schools, post-secondary institutions, movie theatres and hospitals."Without government intervention, the trend will sadly continue."The foundation estimates people who consume large amounts of trans fats are three times more likely to suffer heart disease.Calgary in 2008 became the first Canadian city to require restaurants to cut their trans fats. Under the bylaw, cooking oils and margarines used in restaurants could contain no more than two per cent trans fats.The Canadian Restaurant and Foodservices Association called Calgary's plan flawed, saying it supported a move for a national trans-fat ban by 2010.Toronto is also taking its own initiatives. David McKeown, Toronto's medical officer of health, urged the federal government to implement the recommendations as soon as possible, while saying he would start work on the local level."In the interim, we will work with various city-run facilities such as child-care centres and cafeterias, as well as school boards, to request that they voluntarily reduce trans fat in foods prepared, served and sold on site," McKeown said in a release.In June 2007, former Federal Health Minister Tony Clement asked food companies to voluntarily reduce trans fats in their products. But if the industry does not make "significant progress" in cutting the fats, Clement said the federal government would create national limits by 2009.The Trans Fat Task Force reported on July 21, 2008, that while many fast-food restaurants have eliminated trans fats, many soft margarine producers have resisted change. It also said pastries and doughnuts continue to contain high levels of trans fats.On Nov. 24, 2008, Girl Guides of Canada announced that they had finally found a way to reduce the amount of trans fats in their popular chocolate- and vanilla-flavoured cookies. The new cookies which will contain 90 per cent less trans fat than the old cookies will be available in the spring of 2009. The organization has been raising money through cookie sales for 81 years. The cookies are made by Dare, which has offered other trans fat-free cookies for several years.What is trans fat?Trans fat is derived from a chemical process known as "partial hydrogenation." That's the process of converting liquid oils to a semi-solid form. It's what allowed you to take those early tubs of margarine out of the fridge and spread it on your toast without ripping it apart, like you would with straight-from-the-fridge butter.Most spreadable margarines now have eliminated trans fats. Manufacturers have done away with the hydrogenation process, achieving spreadable margarines by adding modified palm and palm kernel oil.Food companies favoured trans fats because they allowed their products to stay fresh on the shelves longer. And they're made from less expensive oils, keeping production costs down.Why is it bad for me?Trans fats raise the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or "bad" cholesterol, in the body. While saturated fats found in butter, cheese, beef, and coconut and palm oil raise cholesterol levels, trans fats go further. They also deplete good cholesterol (HDL), which helps protect against heart disease. The body is unable to break down trans fatty acids, causing them to build up in the body.In other words, much like bacon grease clogging up the kitchen pipes, trans fats contribute to clogging the arteries leading to the heart and brain.But don't I need some fat in my diet?Absolutely. The Heart and Stroke Foundation recommends that 20 to 35 per cent of the calories you consume should come from fat. That's 45 to 75 grams of fat for the average woman on a 2,000-calorie-a-day diet. For the average man on a 2,500-calorie-a-day diet, it's 60 to 105 grams of fat.Every day, Canadians consume an average of 10 grams of trans fats. That may not sound like much but a gram of trans fat is said to be 10 times harder on your body than a gram of saturated fat.Trans fats also occur naturally in some animal-based foods such as butter, milk products, cheese, beef and lamb.How can you tell if it's in food?Look at the label. If it says "hydrogenated" or "partially hydrogenated" then there are probably trans fats in the product. Canada was the first country to require nutritional labelling with trans fats listed.As of Dec. 12, 2005, the food industry was required to comply with the regulations, while small businesses with less than $1 million in annual sales were given two more years to comply with the label law.Products that are exempt from the labelling regulations include: Alcohol.Fresh fruit and vegetables.Raw meat and poultry (except if it's ground).Raw fish and seafood.Foods sold in retail places where they are prepared and processed (e.g., a bakery).Individual servings of food intended to be eaten immediately (e.g., fast food).Trans fats exist in processed foods but some foods can contain an inordinate amount of trans fats, depending on the ingredients used: Spreads. Hard margarine is loaded with trans and saturated fats. Other non-butter spreads and shortening may also contain high amounts.Packaged foods, especially cake and pancake mixes. Instant soups and noodle kits. Fast foods such as french fries and fried chicken.Frozen food. Pies, waffles, pizzas and breaded fish should be looked at closely.Baked goods. Doughnuts, muffins, cakes, etc.Crackers. Shortening provides the crispy texture.Breakfast food. Breakfast cereal and energy bars are highly processed.Cookies and candy. Toppings and dips. Non-dairy creamers and flavoured coffees, whipped toppings, gravy mixes and salad dressing are loaded with trans fats.If you want to minimize your trans fat intake, be sure to read the nutrition information label.Should I cut down my intake of trans fats?Only if you're taking in more than you should. Some experts recommend that a maximum of 10 per cent of the total calories consumed should be "bad" fats. North Americans tend to eat up to five times the recommended daily allowance of such fats.The American Heart Association released even stricter guidelines in June 2006 recommending that just one per cent of a person's total calories should be from trans fats. For a person who eats 2,000 calories per day, that's just two trans fat grams daily, or about half a small bag of french fries.What can I do?Besides reading the labels on packages, you can: Use liquid vegetable oils when you cook: canola, corn, olive, safflower and sunflower oils (not always possible, especially when you're looking for something to spread on your morning toast).Increase your intake of natural low-fat foods such as vegetables, fruit, chicken, fish, turkey, beans and products containing whole grains.How about when I eat out?Here are some tips to keep in mind when ordering:Axe the appetizers: Chicken wings, cheese sticks and other such items are often crammed with trans fats.Avoid foods that are fried in shortening or margarine.Consider how the meal is prepared: Chicken is healthy on its own but when it's fried or put in pastry, it's a trans-fat nightmare.Be careful with the sweet stuff: Anything with pastry may contain trans fats depending on the ingredients used. That can include things made with dough cinnamon buns, pie crust, baklava, croissants, etc.What can I eat, then?If you go to a deli, consider the turkey sandwich or, if you're at a seafood restaurant choose the broiled fish. Grilled chicken is always a good choice and low-fat Chinese dishes such as stir-fried vegetables are good. Obviously, most salads are low in trans fats except if they contain meat or cheese, and beware of the dressing.The list of companies removing or reducing trans fat levels is growing. Burlington, Ont.-based Voortman Cookies reached its goal of changing its recipes to get rid of trans fat on April 5, 2004, becoming the first major cookie-maker to offer trans-fat-free cookies.The Kellogg Company has eliminated trans fats from its breakfast cereals and Kraft avoided a lawsuit in California by ridding its popular Oreo cookies of trans fats.McCain has promoted its Superfries as "trans-fat free" while PepsiCo has marketed its Frito-Lay chips, Ruffles, Doritos and Cheetos in the same way.The Trans Fat Task Force cited Burger King as one fast-food chain that made significant improvements in trans fat levels between December 2007 and June 2008.Under Canadian law, products can be considered free of trans fats if they contain no more than 0.5 grams per serving.

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回复: 反式脂肪酸的危害lz,请问数据考察过吗？对这段数据（牛奶和奶酪（反式脂肪酸含量18.8%）、黄油（反式脂肪酸含量5.9%）、鸡蛋（反式脂肪酸含量9%）、肉和肉制品（反式脂肪酸含量10.3%）、油和 脂肪（反式脂肪酸含量35.5%）、饼干和蛋糕（反式脂肪酸含量16.5%）、开胃馅饼（反式脂肪酸含量3.5%）、土豆片和法式炸土豆片（反式脂肪酸含 量4.5%））持严重怀疑。后面那段，基本靠谱。网络上所谓科普文很多，但却经不起推敲。点击展开...同意，这段有点不靠谱。不过全文大致的意思还是可以参考的

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