加拿大进出口外贸分享自己总结的英语语法和词汇,不多,作为新人的敬礼吧!



加拿大外贸

专八勉强过,工作后发现很多不懂的,现在正在拾遗,把dying的弄回alive的。

我工作会涉及外贸文件翻译,所以注册了,现在分享一些自己总结的语法和词汇,虽然不是外贸相关的。。。

权当新人向前辈的致敬吧:

2013.03.27
intervene.v  /intervening.adj/ intervention.n/
介入,调停
interfere.v /interfering.adj/ interference.n/
干扰,干涉
interrupt.v /interruption.n
打断

intervene与interfere的区别在于前者的“介入”为中性词,描述对象一般“有义务,有关系”来介入某事。vi.比如,The accident wasn't settled until the police intervened. 比如,If I didn't intervene in the situation, you would be dead by now. 比如,Why didn't the government intervene earlier?
而后者的“介入”则显示出描述对象在“不干他事”的时候进入事件,被介入者一般是不满的。vi.vt.比如,Stop interfering with my work! Don't interfere in this! 比如, Please, everybody was interefered now! When other interfere, it always make troubles.
第三个单词比较好理解,打断,vt.vi. Sorry to interrupt, buddy. The plants interrupts my view to the beauty! He interrupted me when I was reading.

2013.04.08
as...as比较级用法
     as adv. as 修饰动词
     as adj. as 修饰名词
Go! Run as quickly as you can.
Shit! Judging from the situation, he is as shameless as you are.

比较级可以省略的例子:
1.She is as pretty as you(are).
2.It hasn't drawn as much attention as chinese cyber operation, but the authorities warned that it can be just as damaging to humanbeing (as chinese cyber operation).


虚拟语气
在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法,愿望,假想,猜测,怀疑或建议,而不是根据客观实际,就用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气一时间分类:
A. 对现在发生的情况的虚拟:
1.如果现在是另一个样子,现在就会怎样
If I were you, I would let this bastard go.
If the house was all green, you would have to kill me to make me enter the house.
2.如果现在是另一个样子,过去早就会怎样
If I were familier with her, I would have asker her for a date the first time I met her.
If I had a million dollar, I would have led another life.

B. 对已经发生的情况的虚拟:
1.如果过去是另一个样子,现在就会怎样
I would come more often if I haven't seen you showing your dominion.
She wouldn't be dead if I have come back to rescue earlier.
2.如果过去是另一个样子,过去就会怎样
Had I killed the lion, Billy wouldn't have lost both of his arms......
If Billy had not broken the balance between the two countries, 007 might have been able to put an end to the war.

C. 对将来情况的虚拟(主从句都是未发生的并且不太可能发生的)
1.were to do
If the world were to be a better one, I would like to offer my youth.
Were you to be able to come back here by the dawn, I would give back you your wife.
If there were to be a miracle about to happen, I would start to believe in God.
2. should
If the King should declare a war, the whole world would rise to condemn him.
If he should doubt, you might have to convince him.
3. did/were
If the rocked failed to hit the target(tomorrow), we would(have to加上这个也没问题) resign.

PS: should一定要跟在for fear that, in case,so that, in order that 之后,这些词都暗示了某件事情可能发生、为了防止发生而做了某事。所以,属于对将来的虚拟。在这里,should可以省略。
She closed the window in case/for fear that the thief (should)sneak into the house.
The old farmer held the letter very colse to his face for fear he (should) miss any word.
当然,in order to, so that后面可以不用should,但是一定要用情态动词!
His father asked him to close in so that he can hear him clearly.

D. 省略should,were, had.
Should you failed, finish youself immediatly.
Had the England prevailed, the history would have been headed to another direction.
Were she a whore, you would be a barstard.
If it wasn't for me, you could have died.

E. 省略条件句,用without, but for 代替
1. Without your selfless help, we would not have made such a tremendous progress.
2. But for her, you might still be a small potato.

F. 直接省略条件句或者主句其中任意一个
为了表达强烈的感叹语气,很多时候都会省略一个句子。这种句子全部对现在或者过去的情况产生感叹。
If only I had passed the exam!
You could have passed the test!
If only I asker her phone number!
You should have asked her phone number!
If I were at your side...
You could have been at my side...

这里总结一下:在书面语中,一般我都需要用完整的虚拟语气结构,并且可以有足够的时间考虑怎样组织句子。但是口语中就不一样了,口语自然是脱口而出,这需要对虚拟语气有很熟练的掌握和大量的运用。为了弥补不足,总结一下规律:

   if句,将来、现在did/were,过去had done.
   结果句,将来、现在 would+do,过去have+done.


G. As if 从句用虚拟语气
as if有两种用法
1.当as if后面的事情可能发生时
It sounds as if it is raining.
It sounded as if it was raining.
It sounded as if it was going to rain.
2.当as if后跟的事情不太可能发生
It sounds as if it was the end of the world.
It sounded as if it had been the end of the world.
It sounds as if it would be the end of the world.

H. wish的用法
wish之后如果接句子就一定是宾语从句。这个句子的规则和虚拟语气的if句动词规则基本一样。
现在I wish I were not working with you...
    I wish I didn't smoke.
过去Hurly wishs he haven't pick this number.
    Hurly wishs he wouldn't have been that lucky.
将来I wish I would quit smoking.
    007 wish he could stop being manipulated.

I. 固定动词后跟should+do
1.坚持希望建议提议命令敦促宁愿insist,suggest,advise,order,command,prefer之后,
He suggested that we (should) take the teacher's advice.
He insisted that we (should) take the teacher's advice.
He demand that we (should) take the teacher's advice.
He ordered that we (should) take the teacher's advice.
(insist在坚持某种动作时用should,坚持某观点时用正常事态,suggest在建议时用虚拟,表明时正常时态)
2.表示情绪强烈的引导词后面跟should
necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、a pity ,the shame ,no wonder.

一般用it be xxx that...句型
(此时should即为平时理解的“竟然”的含义)

J.even if 让步状语从句
其用法与if引导的虚拟从句一样:
Even if he were here himself, he would not know how to deal with this. 假设现在
Even if Linda arrived Washington on next Wedsday, we wouldn't be able to guarantee her safty. 假设将来(从句适用were to/did/should)
Even if Schnider had smashed the attack of Nazi's devil army at that time, we would have evacuated. 假设过去

K. would rather/had rather/would sooner引导的宾语从句
自然可以普通时态,表示对没发生的事的看法,但也可以接虚拟语气,表示对也发生的事情的感慨。
其用法与wish/if only一样,都表示了强烈的个人感情色彩。
I would rather you were my husband!

L. wh+ever/no matter wh+/how引导的让步状语从句
1.假设现在或将来 从句用may+do
2.假设过去 从句用may+have done
we will respect this old man whatever he may do.
You musn't panic no matter where you may be.
However great progress you may have made, you can not be proud.

M. as if后面如果出现be则一定要用were形式,而其他形式的条件状语与虚拟语气混合从句中的be动词按具体人称变化。
People rush out of the house as if it were the end of the world. be=were
She sit there smiling like it was her birthday.

2013.04.15
过去将来时(没有将来过去时...)
1.一般用法
我当时不知道是否他今天会来。
I didn't know if he would come here today.
她那年九十九岁,再过一年就是一百岁了。
She was 99 years old, and she would be 100 afer anther year.
He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
上句注意leaving和the next morning.
2.过去将来时夹杂在虚拟语气中

她(在上周五)告诉我们,如果(上周六)下刀子,她将不会(在上周六)将我们置于危险中。
She informed us that she would not put us in dangers if it rained knifes.
分析上个句子,如果虚拟语气夹杂在过去将来时里面,也就是说过去的人对其未来(但相对于现在仍然是过去)的事情进行虚拟,句中的虚拟语气不再对时态进行调整,只将对未来情况的虚拟句搬上去。参照上句。

方位表示的烦人用法
1.
be in/at/on/to the north/south/east/west of xx
A在B的内部的某一方位in
A is in the east of B. eg.Beijing  is in the east of China.
A在B的相邻的某一方位on
A is on the east of B. eg.Russia is on the north of China.
A在B不相邻的某一方位to
A is (xxkm)to the east of B. eg.Japan is(100km) to the east of China.

2.表示绝对方位的时候(没有对比west后面没有of xxx)
in the west
太阳从东边升起西边落下。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
半兽人的发源地在遥远的西方。
The orcs'womb is in the far west.
长城东起山海关西至嘉峪关。
The Great Wall begins in the east from Shanhaiguan and ends at Jiayuguan in the west.

3. 表示某事物位于另一事物所面朝的方向
on the west
China faces the Pacific ocean on the east.
中国东临太平洋。
The United State faces the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the west.
美国东临大西洋西濒太平洋。


2013.04.16
状语从句的省略
1.状语从句的从句中,主谓结构是it be的时候,it be可以省略。
If (it is) possible, lend me a hundred million dollars,please.
I suggest you give me the key, unless (it is) not the one I am looking for.
2. 状语从句中,从句与主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语为be动词,则可以省略从句的主语与be。
When(she was) a pure girl, she dreamt to be an actress.
Although (he was) once a farmer, he is a pop star.
As (the lion is) walking along the bank, it is also searching for its games.
Linda won't go to the party unless (she is)invited.
He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.
She seemed as if (she was) in trouble.


帖子有字数限制,没发出去的补在楼下。

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2013.04.16
状语从句的省略
1.状语从句的从句中,主谓结构是it be的时候,it be可以省略。
If (it is) possible, lend me a hundred million dollars,please.
I suggest you give me the key, unless (it is) not the one I am looking for.
2. 状语从句中,从句与主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语为be动词,则可以省略从句的主语与be。
When(she was) a pure girl, she dreamt to be an actress.
Although (he was) once a farmer, he is a pop star.
As (the lion is) walking along the bank, it is also searching for its games.
Linda won't go to the party unless (she is)invited.
He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.
She seemed as if (she was) in trouble.

2013.04.17
独立主格
奇特的结构,格式为:名词/代词+现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式。
很多时候独立主格里面可以加being,比如形容词前,比如讲天气时间的时候,但是为了简洁,我们经常省略了being,比如The meeting being over,时常写成the meeting over,但是有时候being/having been绝对不能省略::
a.代词为主语时,如it/this being
It being Christmas, everybody is busying preparing gifts for their beloved person.
b.it having been
It haveing been three days, we were all desperate.
c.there being
There being a storm, nobody dare to go out for fun.
下面对独立主格每个搭配出一个例句:
Time permitting, we'll manage to have another round.
The glass broken, kitty was scared to death.
An airplane crashed at south of the city, nobody alive.
He put on his new sweater, wrong side out.
An important meeting to be hold, all of the company is in tension.
Mary was sitting near the fire, her back toward the door.
几点注意事项:
a。独立主格的主语和后面的各种搭配之间是主谓关系。
b。独立主格的主语与主句的主语一定不同。不能一致。
c。独立主格与主句之间以逗号隔开,但是还有另一种形式,“把逗号换成with”,从下面例句具体理解:
Mrs. Margret roamed into the room with a banana in her hand.
Mrs. Margret roamed into the room , banana in hand.
d。以上两个例句还能阐述另一原则:“名词/代词+介词短语”的独立主格结构中,一般不使用“形容词性物主代词和冠词(即上句中的a及her)”。
e。独立主格结构常作为状语来表达时间原因条件伴随等,作为状语,时常会与经过省略处理的状语从句相混淆,再次做出辨析:独立主格有明确的主语,主语为名词和代词或者there;而省略过的状语从句没有主语(主语恰恰被省略掉了)。省略后的状语从句时常有各种连词伴随,而独立主格绝没有连词相伴。
下面是一个有意思的考题:
Not far from the school there was a garden, _________ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.
A. its B. whose C. which D. that
答案为第倒数最后一个选项。
最后,有两个疑问:独立主格有没有时态;独立主格没有所有格形式什么意思。

2013.04.18
under/below/beneath
under更倾向于“在某物下面”,大树下水面下窗户下桌子下等
below更强调“位置比某物低”,并不强调在正下方。墙上的福字贴在了时钟下面。电影院第一排比最后一排位置低。军衔比某人低。
beneath极少用到,可以替换前两者。

2013.04.22
He locked the door, laid a piece of cheese under the table where a lethal trap was set, hide carefully behind the closet, and was ready to catch the annoying rat.
the lecture is in class NO.2, and it begins at 9:00.
the lecture is in class NO.2 and it begins at 9:00.
the lecture is in class NO.2 and begins at 9:00.

逗号的用法和省略
1. An advanced version was being developed secretly for the U.S. military by a small company and L-3 Communications, a major defense contractor.
2. We are fond of dream, creating and exploring, limited only by our imagination.
3. On Monday, Sixing Liu, a Chinese citizen who worked at L-3’s space and navigation division, was sentenced in federal court here to five years and 10 months.
4. A man was sentenced for death for taking thousands of files about the device, called a disk resonator gyroscope, and other defense systems to China in violation of a U.S. arms embargo.
5. "Sense of being in dangers is vital to Americans."said David Smukowski, president of Sensors in Motion, the small company in Bellvue, Wash., developing the technology with L-3.
6. At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. 句中wrapped和unknown同级,被省略了which is。
7. Valuable amounts of minerals exist on the ocean floor ,ready to be mined.
8.This is the law we obey to, broken and trampled agian and over agian by the privileged, binding only the poor us to mediocrity and lowliness.
从以上8句中可以看到很多逗号,以及推测出很多省略,这些结构如何得来的呢?
从两个例句开始:
1. Standing at the cliffside, Cinba thinks not only about his families but also his kingdom.
2. Broken agian and over agian, the law no longer possesses its magic power over the people.
思考这两句的结构是怎么演化来的?

例句1变化1
添加as
As standing at the cliffside, Cinba thinks not only his families but also his kingdom.
再添加he is
As Cinba is standing at the cliffside, he thinks not only his families but also his kingdom.

例句1变化2
前置状语变成插入语
Cinba, standing at the cliffside, thinks not only his families but also his kingdom.
添加which is
Cinba, which is standing at the cliffside, thinks not only his families but also his kingdom.

例句2变化1
添加since
Since broken agian and over agian, it no longer possesses the magic power over the people.
添加it is
Since the law is broken agian and over agian, it no longer possesses its magic power over the people.

例句2变化2
前置状语变插入语
The law,broken agian and over agian,no longer possesses its magic power over the people.
再添加which is
The law,which is broken agian and over agian,no longer possesses its magic power over the people.

以上分析得出一个超多逗号超少连接词的句子的来历。
省略有两种:
which is省略,当宾语从句的连接词which在从句中担当主语,并且从句结构为主系表时,可以省略which is。省略后从句时常变为以下几种形式:形容词;过去分词短语或句子;现在分词短语或句子。当只剩下形容词时通常把该词前置到动词前作为你定语修饰名词,也可以在形容词前加上一个逗号,时完整的句子一分为二,但是节奏性增强,参见8个例句第2个。当剩余的是分词的时候,整个从句成为状语,呈现伴随修饰的状态。

例句7省略的是“,and is”

there is a man standing behind the door.

2013.05.03
逗号的用法——延伸
To be packed in new strong wooden cases or in cartons, suitable for long distance ocean/parcel post/air freight transportation and to change of climate, well protected against rough handling, moisture, rain, corrosion, shocks and frozen.


2013.05.03
occur与incur的用法

occur 出现,存在。区别于happen,发生
If the headache occur at night, lack of fresh air and xygen is often the cause.
These snails do not occur on low-lying coral islands.
If the idea occured to me ealier, I would sovle the puzzle by now.
Ivestigation on the tragedyh occured late last night on fifthe avenuw, now has made a further progress.
1.incur 招致,蒙受,引发(多为负面意义,所以用法多为承受某种损失)
incur expense of/loss(of time or money) 蒙受xx损失
The adventage of this approach is that you only incur expense of obtaining the value when and if you need it.
2.The government has incurred huge debts.
3.inccuring
If we don't draw the pack of wolves far away, how can we save our friends without incurring dangers?
4.incurred
Approaching in this method, we would probably pay a vase expense incurred on account of extravagent socail activities.

调整状语位置
The Seller shall mark on the four adjacent sides of each package with fadeless painting the package number, gross weight, net weight, measurement...
原本位置加方式状语on the four adjacent sides of each package with fadeless painting一般被安放在句尾,但是由于状语过长,或由于强调状语,可以将状语居中,在动词之后宾语之前。这样句子更加多样化,可读性高。

z
z
z
日期前的in和on、at
of的神奇用法
make an investegation of it.
a sword is of Elvesh make.

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2013.05.06
get/obtain/attain/gain/acquire/achieve/accomplish含义

get
得到,单单的得到,没有强调暗示怎样得到。口语化,书面语避免使用。you can "get" everything.

obtain
正式用语,意同get:To obtain something means to get it or achieve it. obtain knowledge/information/evidence/driver licence.

gain n./vi./vt.
gain的基本含义体现在三方面:获得、获利和增加。其三个词性都包含了这三个方面的意义。
vt.词性最常用,gain full marks in the examination. gain a prize. gain one's interest. gain ten pounds(money). gain ten pomunds(weight). gain speed. gain the shore. the watch gain two minuts(gose faster than normal).
vi.的用法似乎比较冷门,尤其当增加改进讲时,his writting gained by continued practice.写作改进。the sick child is gaining.病情好转。 he gained by the change of management.盈利。 gain in weight.体重增长. the clock neither gians our loses.表走的不快不慢。
从英英词典上的解释看,gain所应用的宾语应保证在“逐渐获得”这个领域内。如体重速度经验等等都非一蹴而就。
简单解释:强调通过某种渠道和努力而获得“有益有利的东西”。gainful有利可图,唯利是图,赚钱的。

attain,vi./vt.
当vt.时,直连宾语。当vi.时,attain to sth.通过努力达到目的地,达成目标,取得成就,完成任务。If you attain something, you gain it or achieve it, often after a lot of effort. 强调努力过程。
attainable 可得到的,可达到的。

acheive 实现,完成(目标)区别是很明显的,achieve强调“实现”而不是“获得达成”。我们会说achieve goal却不说attain goal. 会说achieve dream而不说obtain the dream.显然,有些事物只能“完成”,不能“拥有”;相同点,经过努力。If you achieve a particular aim or effect, you succeed in doing it or causing it to happen, usually after a lot of effort. achievable 做得到的。

acquire
习得,捕获得,获得。相对于前面几个通过努力得到的词,acquire显得可爱,我钟爱这个词,该词的主动性似乎更强烈一点,更具有侵略性。如果是一项技能,acquire比xxtain等词更加适合:If you acquire something such as a skill or a habit, you learn it, or develop it through your daily life or experience. The robot can acquire the object by itself. No one knows how to acquire freemdom, and what it means. acqure相对于xxtain等词,不暗示行动者经过努力与否,它更强调一种主动性,自主性。I can do something to acquire her love since love to her is conditional.

accomplish
简单,其含义为完成实现,多搭配任务性宾语。If you accomplish something, you succeed in doing it. 这个词摆在这里只是一个参照词。不赘述。

总结:以上七个词分为三组:
get\obtain
gain\attain
acquire\acheive\accomplish
第一组词即为get,不强调努力与否不强调主动与否,实际似乎暗示“被”给与。如果说“获取更高等的教育”get不如obtain正式,obtain不如attain,gain更有感染力(暗示了努力),而ac三个词则与前两组区别开。第二组词当“获得达到”讲时,强调将事物“收入囊中或踩在脚下”,而第三组词强调将事物“背负在身上或者悬于头顶”。然而,无论如何,无词可用时,obtain不失为一个万能词汇。
实际上最好的学习词汇——尤其易混淆词汇的方法,是大量接触句子,to acquire语感, 所谓语感,就是一个native speaker和second language speaker的最大区别吧。简单几个例句和讲解是不能让一个人完全掌握易混淆单词的用法的,因为即使是英语,也不简单,特别是当文化越发进步,单词的含义用法适用范围在逐渐变化缩小或扩大,要时常obtain new sentencese to read,在大量阅读中获得用法。



日期前的in和on、at
at 表示一个时间点,某一时刻,几点。 at 10'o clock. at that time/moment.特殊记忆:at Christmas.

on 表示某一天,节日。on May 1st, 2013. on Monday, On a Decemnber night. On New Year's day.

in 表示的时间有持续性,是一段时间时,如世纪、年、季、月、周、上下午。in the morning, in May,2013, in three days, in Spring, in the daytime, in a week, in the evening.例外有两个:第一:at night, at noon, at dawn, at sunset, at daybreak.以上几个虽然是一段时间,却用at。第二:on Monday morning, on a hot morning, on Christmas afternoon. on the morning of March 8th.当上下午“之前”或者“之后”有修饰定语时,不用in,用on。 特殊记忆:Early in the morning of National Day.如果去掉early,用on。加上early强调的是清晨早些时候。

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Mark ! Thanks !

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2013.05.08
Continue的各种形式

continual adj.
多指“有间断”地连续,频繁的,一再重复的:Continual events happen again and again. eg:~waves. 经典的例句:the continual breakdown of the computer is driving me mad. 然而,还存在这样的解释:A continual process or situation happens or exists without stopping. 应该理解为“持续不断的”。例句:The school has been in continual use since 1883.They felt continal pressure from the audience, pushing them to persuit better performencel.此时continual修饰的事物应为“事物的名词”,而不是“动作产生的名次形式”。如pressure和circling的区别。  continually adv. 例句:she cried almost continually and made me want to cry as well.  

continuous adj.
“无间断”地连续,持续的,连绵不绝的。英语解释:A continuous process or event continues for a period of time without stopping.与continual的解释只差一个词。Continuous circling is drying the fuel tank of the plane. Residents report that they heard continuous gunfire. A continuous line or surface has no gaps or holes in it.

以上两个词是比较好区分的,可以看出,在表示“无间断持续”时,两者易混淆却可分辨。一个接事物名词,一个接事件动作的名次形式。

continued和continuing adj.
持续的,继续的。
“继续的”这一意义值得特殊记忆:香港继续教育学院 Hong Kong continuing education school.
而在“持续的”这一意义上,似乎两者与前面的两个词的区别很小,参照大量例句,这里的两个词的“继续”无所谓“有间断”还是“无间断”,一律通吃。而是什么时候用continuing什么时候用continued,参照过去分词与现在分词的区别。

continuity  n.
连续性;Continuity is the fact that something continues to happen or exist, with no great changes or interruptions. 不太常用。

continuation  
继续:The continuation of something is the fact that it continues, instead of stopping. 例句:It's the coalition forces who are to blame for the continuation of the war.  续集;延长;This chapter is a continuation of Chapter 8.

continuance  持续;停留;续篇;意同continuation,较正式。

continuative  继续的。这个词太专业了,简直不属于日常用语...


equivalent用法
n. 等价物,相等的东西
the equivalent of sth.\ sth.'s equivalent (in/to sth.)
例句:Mr. Li's pay is the equivalent of about $80 a month. His team has just suffered the equivalent of a near-fatal heart attack. To keep themselves alive in this fatal land, these camels have to eat snow the equivalent of 8 liters of water. Many colleges and employers will accept what is known as a GED as the equivalent of a high school diploma. The most impressive thing to us in this lecture is the Red Cross symbol, and its equivalent in Muslim countries, the Red Crescent. That's not my thing, but this is our equivalent to the story of Jack the Ripper.

adj. 等价的,等效的,相等的,相同意义的
be equivalent to sth.\n.
例句:So, this observation is equivalent to saying that there must be something that is path independent.
If they want to change an item in the budget, they will have to propose equivalent cuts elsewhere. These two methods of approaching seem to go utterly against each other and, if your observation is meticulous enough, be totally different in structure, however,they are equivalent without a doubt.


lack用法
n.
(a\no\one's\for\by)lack of sth. 例句:The charges were dropped for lack of evidence.  Despite his lack of experience, he got the job.  He said there was no lack of things for them to talk about.  I have incured a fatal shock due to my lack of respect on elders. The vallige vanished form the valley for lack of water source. By lack of ethusiasm on traveling , he successed in escaping the unexpected earthquake happened in Sichuan.
v.
If you say that someone or something lacks a particular quality or that a particular quality is lacking in them, you mean that they do not have any or enough of it. 例句:He lacks the sense of judgement on right and wrong.

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谢谢楼主分享!!!

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好有心的LZ灰常感谢
加拿大电商刚从事这行半年,对电子行业不了解,自己整理了些,算是学习,供大家分享,也请大家补充。我毕竟是个文科生,对这方面知识严重欠缺。 DVD:英文全名是Digital Video Disk, 即数字视频光 加拿大电商昨天我把提单复件发给了客户,今天收到了他回信,如下: Dear Nicholas, please send all shipping documents. We will check B/L copy and we will reply ASAP. Thank you Best Regards .........................................
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