加拿大华人论坛 加拿大百科美国社会对大学排行榜“爱恨交加”（图组）

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美国社会对大学排行榜“爱恨交加”（图组）倍可亲(backchina.com)　　核心提示：《美国新闻与世界报道》周刊17日公布了其评选的美国大学排行榜，普林斯顿大学再度雄踞榜首，哈佛和耶鲁分居第二位和第三位。这一排行榜的出炉在美国社会引起了空前激烈的争议。 　　新华网8月20日报道 《美国新闻与世界报道》周刊17日公布了其评选的美国大学排行榜，普林斯顿大学再度雄踞榜首，哈佛和耶鲁分居第二位和第三位。这一排行榜的出炉在美国社会引起了空前激烈的争议。　　热衷名次，忽视教育质量？　　《美国新闻与世界报道》自1983年起就开始每年对美国大学进行排名，其推出的大学排行榜后来逐渐成为美国众多学生求学的重要参考依据。但近年来，该刊的排行榜遭到越来越强烈的质疑。一些教育界人士认为，排行榜对大学招生的影响过大，导致很多高校一味热衷于提升自己在排行榜上的名次，而忽视了教育质量。　　反对大学排行榜的代表人物是劳埃德・撒克，他曾在加利福尼亚南部大学和太平洋大学担任多年招生主管。　　 ​　　耶鲁位居第三　　 ​　　麻省理工学院位居第七　　撒克认为，很多大学热衷于通过“市场推销”手段提高自己的声誉，而《美国新闻与世界报道》的大学排行榜投其所好，对大学像球队一样进行排名，歪曲了高教机构的办学宗旨。撒克因此发起了一个反对大学排名的运动，号召美国各知名大学加入，还高等教育的本来面目。目前全美已有62所大学加入了撒克发起的反对大学排名运动，但这些大学排名均靠后，名列排行榜前茅的大学一所也没有参加。　　虽不完善，但并非一无是处　　美国媒体调查发现，总体而言，美国大学对大学排行榜的态度可以说是“爱恨交加”，排行榜给一些大学带来荣誉，也给另外一些大学带来压力。由于大学生源质量、经费、声望和社会地位等与排行榜息息相关，很多大学即便对排行榜持批评态度，也无法不在意排名结果。目前，美国一些大学对撒克的反排名运动表示理解，并决定不在学校的宣传材料中提及在大学排行榜上的名次，另一些大学则继续使用大学排行榜进行自我宣传，还有一些大学则把提高自己在排行榜上的名次作为重要目标。　　针对《美国新闻与世界报道》最新出炉的排行榜，纽约巴德学院院长利昂・波茨坦认为，要想真正有效地抵制大学排行榜，受益的大学必须带头。而在文科类院校中排名第七的加州波莫纳学院院长戴维・奥克斯托比则认为，《美国新闻与世界报道》的大学排行榜虽然不够完善，但并非一无是处，它至少是学生和家长获得有关大学信息的一种途径。　　排名标准包括校友捐赠等15项指标　　为什么要给大学排名？《美国新闻与世界报道》对此的解释是，这是为了帮助学生做出影响一生的重要决定。该刊说，大学教育对学生今后的就业、收入和生活质量有着深远的影响，学生和家长需要可靠的信息，通过比较不同学校作出最佳选择，而大学排行榜满足了他们的部分需求。该刊同时警告说，大学排行榜只是学生择校参考之一，学生应从不同途径获取多种信息，综合判断，然后选择出适合自己的大学。　　此次登上《美国新闻与世界报道》大学排行榜的共有262所美国大学，其中包括164所公立大学和98所私立大学。排名标准包括毕业率、师资力量、财政资源以及校友捐赠等15项指标。(记者潘云召)　　新华网消息：据美联社报道，《美国新闻与世界报道》周刊8月17日公布最新美国大学排行榜，普林斯顿大学连续第8年独自位居榜首或与其它院校并列榜首。　　像以前一样，一些学校的名次有小幅升降，但没有大的变动。　　与去年相同，哈佛大学和耶鲁大学分别名列第二和第三。　　斯坦福大学居第四位，紧随其后的是加利福尼亚理工大学和宾夕法尼亚大学，它们并列第五。　　麻省理工学院和杜克大学分居第七和第八位；哥伦比亚大学和芝加哥大学则并列第九。　　《纽约时报》网站8月17日高校排名竞争加剧引发担忧　　那么，排名真的能衡量教育体系吗？加利福尼亚圣玛丽学院负责人迈克尔・贝塞达说：“我认为排名起到的作用是，歪曲人们的教育观念，让人们追逐错误的目标。”

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回复: 美国社会对大学排行榜“爱恨交加”（图组）是全球最佳大学排名。We evaluated schools on some of the measures used in well-known rankings published by Shanghai Jiaotong University and the Times of London Higher Education Survey. Fifty percent of the score came from equal parts of three measures used by Shanghai Jiatong: the number of highly-cited researchers in various academic fields, the number of articles published in Nature and Science, and the number of articles listed in the ISI Social Sciences and Arts & Humanities indices. Another 40 percent of the score came from equal parts of four measures used by the Times: the percentage of international faculty, the percentage of international students, citations per faculty member (using ISI data), and the ratio of faculty to students. The final 10 percent came from library holdings (number of volumes).Here is our ranking:1. Harvard University 2. Stanford University 3. Yale University 4. California Institute of Technology 5. University of California at Berkeley 6. University of Cambridge 7. Massachusetts Institute Technology 8. Oxford University 9. University of California at San Francisco 10. Columbia University 11. University of Michigan at Ann Arbor 12. University of California at Los Angeles 13. University of Pennsylvania 14. Duke University 15. Princeton Universitty 16. Tokyo University 17. Imperial College London 18. University of Toronto 19. Cornell University 20. University of Chicago 21. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich 22. University of Washington at Seattle 23. University of California at San Diego 24. Johns Hopkins University 25. University College London26. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne 27. University Texas at Austin 28. University of Wisconsin at Madison 29. Kyoto University 30. University of Minnesota Twin Cities 31. University of British Columbia 32. University of Geneva 33. Washington University in St. Louis 34. London School of Economics 35. Northwestern University 36. National University of Singapore 37. University of Pittsburgh 38. Australian National University 39. New York University 40. Pennsylvania State University 41. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 42. McGill University 43. Ecole Polytechnique 44. University of Basel 45. University of Maryland 46. University of Zurich 47. University of Edinburgh 48. University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 49. University of Bristol 50. University of Sydney 51. University of Colorado at Boulder 52. Utrecht University 53. University of Melbourne 54. University of Southern California 55. University of Alberta 56. Brown University 57. Osaka University 58. University of Manchester 59. University of California at Santa Barbara 60. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 61. Wageningen University 62. Michigan State University 63. University of Munich 64. University of New South Wales 65. Boston University 66. Vanderbilt University 67. University of Rochester 68. Tohoku University 69. University of Hong Kong 70. University of Sheffield 71. Nanyang Technological University 72. University of Vienna 73. Monash University 74. University of Nottingham 75. Carnegie Mellon University 76. Lund University 77. Texas A&M University 78. University of Western Australia 79. Ecole Normale Super Paris 80. University of Virginia 81. Technical University of Munich 82. Hebrew University of Jerusalem 83. Leiden University 84. University of Waterloo 85. King's College London 86. Purdue University 87. University of Birmingham 88. Uppsala University 89. University of Amsterdam 90. University of Heidelberg 91. University of Queensland 92. University of Leuven 93. Emory University 94. Nagoya University 95. Case Western Reserve University 96. Chinese University of Hong Kong 97. University of Newcastle 98. Innsbruck University 99. University of Massachusetts at Amherst 100. Sussex University

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回复: 美国社会对大学排行榜“爱恨交加”（图组）目前全美已有62所大学加入了撒克发起的反对大学排名运动，但这些大学排名均靠后，

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回复: 美国社会对大学排行榜“爱恨交加”（图组）据美联社报道，《美国新闻与世界报道》周刊8月17日公布最新美国大学排行榜，普林斯顿大学连续第8年独自位居榜首或与其它院校并列榜首。1. Princeton University (NJ) 100 4.9 2 98% 96% 96% 0 3 72% 10% 5/1 93% 3 1370-1590 94% 5 10% 12 1 60% 2. Harvard University (MA) 99 4.9 1 98% 94% 98% +4 3 69% 13% 7/1 92% 1 1390-1590 95% 9% 8 6 41% 3. Yale University(CT) 4. Stanford University(CA) 5. University of Pennsylvania 5. California Institute of Technology 7. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 8. Duke University(NC) 9. Columbia University(NY) 9. University of Chicago 11. Dartmouth College(NH) 12. Washington University in St. Louis 12. Cornell University(NY) 14. Brown University(RI) 14. Northwestern University(IL) 14. Johns Hopkins University(MD) 17. Rice University(TX) 17. Emory University(GA) 19. Vanderbilt University(TN) 19. University of Notre Dame(IN) 21. University of California—Berkeley * 22. Carnegie Mellon University(PA) 23. University of Virginia * 23. Georgetown University(DC) 25. University of California—Los Angeles * 25. University of Michigan—Ann Arbor * 27. University of Southern California 28. University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill * 28. Tufts University(MA) 30. Wake Forest University(NC) 31. Lehigh University(PA) 31. Brandeis University(MA) 33. College of William and Mary(VA) * 34. New York University 35. University of Rochester(NY) 35. Georgia Institute of Technology * 35. Boston College 38. University of Wisconsin—Madison * 38. University of California—San Diego * 38. University of Illinois—Urbana - Champaign * 41. Case Western Reserve University(OH) 42. University of Washington * 42. University of California—Davis * 44. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute(NY) 44. University of Texas—Austin * 44. University of California—Santa Barbara * 44. University of California—Irvine * 48. Pennsylvania State University—University Park * 49. University of Florida * 50. Syracuse University(NY) 50. Tulane University(LA) 52. Yeshiva University(NY) 52. University of Miami(FL) 54. Pepperdine University(CA) 54. George Washington University(DC) 54. University of Maryland—College Park * 57. Ohio State University—Columbus * 57. Boston University 59. Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey—New Brunswick(NJ) * 59. University of Pittsburgh * 59. University of Georgia * 62. Texas A&M University—College Station * 62. Worcester Polytechnic Institute(MA) 64. University of Connecticut * 64. Purdue University—West Lafayette(IN) * 64. University of Iowa * 67. Fordham University(NY) 67. Miami University—Oxford(OH) * 67. Clemson University(SC) * 67. Southern Methodist University(TX) 71. University of Minnesota—Twin Cities * 71. Virginia Tech * 71. University of Delaware * 71. Michigan State University * 75. Stevens Institute of Technology(NJ) 75. Baylor University(TX) 75. Colorado School of Mines 11 * 75. Indiana University—Bloomington * 79. Brigham Young University—Provo(UT) 79. University of California—Santa Cruz * 79. University of Colorado—Boulder * 82. St. Louis University 82. SUNY—Binghamton * 82. Marquette University(WI) 85. SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry * 85. North Carolina State University—Raleigh * 85. University of Denver 85. American University(DC) 85. Iowa State University * 85. University of Kansas * 91. University of Alabama * 91. University of Missouri—Columbia * 91. University of Nebraska—Lincoln * 91. University of Tulsa(OK) 91. Clark University(MA) 96. Auburn University(AL) * 96. SUNY—Stony Brook * 96. University of Tennessee * 96. University of Vermont * 96. University of Arizona * 96. University of the Pacific(CA) 96. University of California—Riverside * 96. Howard University(DC) 96. Illinois Institute of Technology 96. Northeastern University(MA) 96. University of Massachusetts—Amherst * 107. University of San Diego 108. University of New Hampshire * 108. Texas Christian University 108. Drexel University(PA) 108. University of Oklahoma * 112. University of South Carolina—Columbia * 112. University of Oregon * 112. Loyola University Chicago 112. University of Dayton(OH) 112. Florida State University * 112. Ohio University * 118. University of Missouri—Rolla * 118. Samford University(AL) 11 118. Washington State University * 118. University at Buffalo—SUNY * 122. University of Kentucky * 122. Catholic University of America(DC) 124. New Jersey Institute of Technology * 124. Clarkson University(NY) 124. Colorado State University * 124. University of Arkansas * 124. Michigan Technological University * 124. Kansas State University * 124. Arizona State University *

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